Russian Grammar: Adverbs
DEFINITION:
Adverbs modify a verb, a noun, an adjective, another adverb or an entire sentence. In Russian language adverbs are usually placed before the verb they modify.
Two major divisions are between:
- Suffixed.
- None suffixed.
Types of Adverbs
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of manner are the most common and are used in a wide variety of situations.
**English** | **Russian** | **Pronunciation** |
carefully | **осторожно** | *ostorozhno* |
correctly | **правильно** | *pravilʹno* |
eagerly | **горячо** | *goryacho* |
easily | **легко** | *legko* |
fast | **быстро** | *bystro* |
loudly | **громко** | *gromko* |
patiently | **терпеливо** | *terpelivo* |
quickly | **быстро** | *bystro* |
quietly | **спокойно ** | *spokoĭno* |
well | **хорошо** | *horosho* |
Examples:
Peter's car is very fast.
Автомобиль Петра очень быстро.
Avtomobilʹ Petra ochenʹ bystro.
Maria and Ramiro were listening to music carefully
Мария и Рамиро слушали музыку внимательно
Mariya i Ramiro slushali muzyku vnimatel'no
Adverbs of frequency
Describe how often something happens.
**English** | **Russian** | **Pronunciation** |
always | **всегда** | *vsegda* |
every | **каждый** | *kazhdyi* |
never | **никогда** | *nikogda* |
often | **часто** | *chasto* |
rarely | **редко** | *redko* |
seldom | **редко** | *redko* |
sometimes | **иногда** | *inogda* |
usually | **обычно** | *obychno* |
Examples:
How often does she go to the gym?
часто ли она пойти в спортзал?
Chasto li ona poiti v sportzal?
I will never forget it
Я никогда этого не забуду.
YA nikogda etogo ne zabudu!
Adverbs of time
Adverbs of time, indicate the period that lasts an action or when this action is performed with respect to time.
**English** | **Russian** | **Pronunciation** |
after | **после** | *posle* |
already | **уже** | *uzhe* |
during | **во время** | *vo vremya* |
finally | **в конце концов** | *v kontse kontsov* |
just | **просто** | *prosto* |
last | **последний** | *posledniĭ* |
next | **следующий** | *sleduyushchiĭ* |
now | **сейчас** | *syeĭchas* |
recently | **в последнее время** | *v poslednyee vremya* |
soon | **скоро** | *skoro* |
then | **затем** | *zatem* |
tomorrow | **завтра** | *zavtra* |
when | **когда** | *kogda* |
while | **в то время как** | *v to vremya kak* |
yesterday | **вчера** | *vchera* |
Examples:
I will marry with Mariella tomorrow.
Я буду вступать в брак с Mariella завтра.
YA budu vstupat' v brak s Mariella zavtra..
I will eat after Juana.
Я буду есть после Хуана.
YA budu yest' posle Huana.
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of place show where action is performed.
**English** | **Russian** | **Pronunciation** |
abroad | за границу | *za granitsu* |
anywhere | где угодно | *gde ugodno* |
downstairs | вниз | *vniz* |
here | здесь | *zdesʹ* |
home | домой | *domoĭ* |
in | в | *v* |
nowhere | нигде | *nigde* |
out | из | *iz* |
outside | за пределами | *za predelami* |
somewhere | где-то | *gde-to* |
there | там | *tam* |
underground | под землей | *pod zemlyeĭ* |
upstairs | наверх | *naverh* |
Examples:
She wants to study abroad.
Она хочет учиться за границей.
Ona hochet uchitsya za granitsyeĭ.
Here we go!
здесь мы идем!
zdesʹ my idem !